2013 could be 'climate game-changer'




An ice sculpture entitled 'Minimum Monument' by Brazilian artist Nele Azevedo outside Berlin's Concert Hall, September 2, 2009.




STORY HIGHLIGHTS


  • The "neglected" risk of climate change seems to be rising to the top of leaders' agendas

  • Extreme weather events are costing the global economy billions of dollars each year

  • Gas can be an important bridge to a lower carbon future but it's not the answer

  • More investment in renewable energy is needed, with fewer risks




Editor's note: Andrew Steer is President and CEO of the World Resources Institute, a think tank that works with governments, businesses and civil society to find sustainable solutions to environmental and development challenges.


(CNN) -- As leaders gather for the World Economic Forum in Davos, signs of economic hope are upon us. The global economy is on the mend. Worldwide, the middle class is expanding by an estimated 100 million per year. And the quality of life for millions in Asia and Africa is growing at an unprecedented pace.


Threats abound, of course. One neglected risk -- climate change -- appears to at last be rising to the top of agendas in business and political circles. When the World Economic Forum recently asked 1,000 leaders from industry, government, academia, and civil society to rank risks over the coming decade for the Global Risks 2013 report, climate change was in the top three. And in his second inaugural address, President Obama identified climate change as a major priority for his Administration.



Andrew Steer

Andrew Steer



For good reason: last year was the hottest year on record for the continental United States, and records for extreme weather events were broken around the world. We are seeing more droughts, wildfires, and rising seas. The current U.S. drought will wipe out approximately 1% of the U.S. GDP and is on course to be the costliest natural disaster in U.S. history. Damage from Hurricane Sandy will cost another 0.5% of GDP. And a recent study found that the cost of climate change is about $1.2 trillion per year globally, or 1.6% of global GDP.


Shifting to low-carbon energy sources is critical to mitigating climate change's impacts. Today's global energy mix is changing rapidly, but is it heading in the right direction?


Coal is the greatest driver of carbon dioxide emissions from energy, accounting for more than 40% of the total worldwide. Although coal demand is falling in the United States -- with 55 coal-powered plants closed in the past year -- it's growing globally. The World Resources Institute (WRI) recently identified 1,200 proposed new coal plants around the world. And last year, the United States hit a record-high level of coal exports—arguably transferring U.S. emissions abroad.










Meanwhile, shale gas is booming. Production in the United States has increased nearly tenfold since 2005, and China, India, Argentina, and many others have huge potential reserves. This development can be an economic blessing in many regions, and, because carbon emissions of shale gas are roughly half those of coal, it can help us get onto a lower carbon growth path.


However, while gas is an important bridge to a low carbon future—and can be a component of such a future—it can't get us fully to where we need to be. Greenhouse gas emissions in industrial countries need to fall by 80-90% by 2050 to prevent climate change's most disastrous impacts. And there is evidence that gas is crowding out renewables.


Renewable energy -- especially solar and wind power -- are clear winners when it comes to reducing emissions. Unfortunately, despite falling prices, the financial markets remain largely risk-averse. Many investors are less willing to finance renewable power. As a result of this mindset, along with policy uncertainty and the proliferation of low-cost gas, renewable energy investment dropped 11%, to $268 billion, last year.


What do we need to get on track?



Incentivizing renewable energy investment


Currently, more than 100 countries have renewable energy targets, more than 40 developing nations have introduced feed-in tariffs, and countries from Saudi Arabia to South Africa are making big bets on renewables as a growth market. Many countries are also exploring carbon-trading markets, including the EU, South Korea, and Australia. This year, China launched pilot trading projects in five cities and two provinces, with a goal of a national program by 2015.


Removing market barriers


Despite growing demand for renewable energy from many companies, this demand often remains unmet due to numerous regulatory, financial, and psychological barriers in the marketplace.


In an effort to address these, WRI just launched the Green Power Market Development Group in India, bringing together industry, government, and NGOs to build critical support for renewable energy markets. A dozen major companies from a variety of sectors—like Infosys, ACC, Cognizant, IBM, WIPRO, and others— have joined the initiative. This type of government-industry-utility partnership, built upon highly successful models elsewhere, can spur expanded clean energy development. It will be highlighted in Davos this week at meetings of the Green Growth Action Alliance (G2A2).


De-risking investments


For technical, policy, and financial reasons, risks are often higher for renewables than fossil-based energy. Addressing these risks is the big remaining task to bring about the needed energy transformation. Some new funding mechanisms are emerging that can help reduce risk and thus leverage large sums of financing. For example, the Green Climate Fund could, if well-designed, be an important venue to raise funds and drive additional investments from capital markets. Likewise, multi-lateral development banks' recent $175 billion commitment to sustainable transport could help leverage more funds from the private and public sectors.


Some forward-looking companies are seeking to create internal incentives for green investments. For example, companies like Unilever, Johnson & Johnson, and UPS have been taking actions to reduce internal hurdle rates and shift strategic thinking to the longer-term horizons that many green strategies need.


Davos is exactly the type of venue for finding solutions to such issues, which requires leadership and coalition-building from the private and public sectors. For example, the the G2A2, an alliance of CEOs committed to addressing climate and environmental risks, will launch the Green Investment Report with precisely the goal of "unlocking finance for green growth".


Depending on what happens at Davos—and other forums and meetings like it throughout the year—2013 could just be a game-changer.


Follow us on Twitter@CNNOpinion.


Join us on Facebook/CNNOpinion.


The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Andrew Steer.






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Did she or didn’t she? Beyonce causes lip-synching stir






(Reuters) – Never mind President Barack Obama’s inauguration address or what Michelle Obama was wearing at the ball.


Was Beyonce lip-synching the U.S. national anthem on Monday, or wasn’t she?






The Grammy-winning singer remained silent on Tuesday amid a media storm over whether she was lip-synching, singing over her own pre-recorded track, or performing live when she delivered a flawless version of “The Star-Spangled Banner” to hundreds of thousands of people in Washington and millions watching on television.


A spokeswoman for the U.S. Marine band first told U.S. news outlets on Tuesday that the “Single Ladies” star “decided to go with the pre-recorded music at the last minute” and that, to the spokeswoman’s knowledge, she was not actually singing the anthem.


But the U.S. Marine band later backtracked, saying in a statement: “Regarding Ms. Knowles-Carter’s vocal performance, no one in the Marine Band is in a position to assess whether it was live or pre-recorded.”


The statement said the band and Beyonce, whose surname is Knowles-Carter, had no chance to rehearse together before Monday’s inauguration “so it was determined that a live performance by the band was ill-advised for such a high-profile event.


“Each piece of music scheduled for performance in the Inauguration is pre-recorded for use in case of freezing temperatures, equipment failure, or extenuating circumstances,” the Marine Band added.


Beyonce, 31, was giving her first major public performance since giving birth to a baby with husband, rapper Jay-Z, in January 2012. On Sunday, she posted on Instagram photo of herself in a recording studio holding the sheet music for “The Star-Spangled Banner.”


Her representatives did not return calls for comment on Tuesday. Kelly Clarkson and James Taylor, who also performed at the inauguration ceremony, both sang live, their publicists said.


Whatever Beyonce’s choices on Monday, she was not the first artist cause a stir on such occasions.


Classical musicians Yo-Yo Ma, Itzhak Perlman and two others played along to a pre-recorded tape at Obama’s 2009 inauguration because the cold and wind on the Washington Mall raised the potential of broken strings and sharp notes.


Madonna lip-synched her way through her 2012 Super Bowl half-time performance last year, as did the late Whitney Houston in her 1991 Super Bowl rendition of the national anthem. Singing to pre-recorded tracks has become widespread in the pop music industry


The lip-synching question made headlines around the world and “Beyonce” was among the top Facebook conversations on Monday, according to the social networking site.


Fans were divided. “I enjoyed the performance and do not care whether it was lip-synched or not – it was a beautiful rendition, with some originality, of a song we have all heard so many times,” wrote LeeAnne24 on the Washington Post comment board.


Twitter user hiphopdancerJen was disappointed. “There’s honestly no reason for Beyonce to lip-sync… Especially the national anthem. I may despise most of her music, but she has a voice.”


Beyonce is due to take the spotlight again next month – this time at the February 3 Super Bowl half-time show.


(Reporting By Jill Serjeant in Los Angeles and Anna Yukhananov in Washington; Editing by David Brunnstrom)


Music News Headlines – Yahoo! News





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Japan’s Abe treads warily around military shift after Algeria deaths






TOKYO (Reuters) – The Algeria hostage crisis has given ammunition to Japanese conservatives keen to ease limits on military actions abroad, but Japan’s post-World War Two pacifist legacy is forcing Prime Minister Shinzo Abe to tread carefully.


Abe, already labeled a right-wing nationalist, seems wary of upsetting volatile voters – whose top priority is reviving a stagnant economy – by appearing to use the deaths of seven Japanese to push his broader, hawkish security agenda.






Narushige Michishita, a professor at the National Graduate Institute for Political Studies in Tokyo, said the crisis would bolster the argument of Abe and those in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) who want to expand the role of the Self-Defence Forces, as Japan’s military is known.


“But they shouldn’t overplay this game … because it might backfire,” he said.


Japan has for decades been stretching the limits of its 1947, U.S.-drafted pacifist constitution – which if strictly interpreted bans even the maintenance of a military. It has dispatched troops for international peace keeping operations and to Iraq on a non-combat reconstruction mission in 2004-2006.


But changes have been politically contentious, while signs Japan is flexing its military muscle have the potential to upset rival China, where memories of Tokyo’s wartime aggression run deep and which is now locked in a territorial row with Japan.


The seven Japanese were among the 38 mostly foreign hostages killed during the four-day siege of a desert gas plant complex in Algeria by Islamic militants and another three Japanese nationals are missing.


Defence Minister Itsunori Onodera ordered a government plane to bring home the seven surviving employees of engineering firm JGC Corp and the bodies, the first time a military plane has gone on such a distant mission.


But under the existing law governing the SDF, military personnel can only be sent to evacuate citizens if the area is deemed safe. Even then, land transport is banned and the use of weapons to protect the civilians is restricted.


The LDP, which proposed easing those stringent conditions two years ago, says the hostage crisis had underscored the need for change.


“Under the current SDF law, if an upheaval occurs overseas and our citizens make it at risk to their lives to airports or ports, military personnel cannot go there unless their safety is assured,” the party’s No.2 executive, former defence minister Shigeru Ishiba, told reporters this week.


BROADER AGENDA, WARY TONE


On Tuesday, the LDP and its smaller coalition partner agreed to speed up talks on the topic with an eye to submitting changes to parliament in a session that begins on Monday.


Abe and his top government spokesman, however, have sounded a warier tone out of what analysts said was consideration not only for public opinion ahead of an upper house poll in July but for its more dovish coalition partner, the New Komeito Party.


“For troops who must make life or death decisions in a tenth of a second to be forced to act within the limits of the law or risk violating, it is a harsh restriction,” Abe said in a TV interview late on Tuesday, referring to the law’s restrictions to use of weapons by troops on overseas rescue missions.


“But we have no idea of using this incident to try to pass such a law (revising this),” Abe added. “There are various problems including information gathering so after investigating it will be necessary to consider how to resolve such problems.”


Abe and like-minded conservatives, in fact, want to go beyond the piece-meal approach of past governments in expanding the military’s role abroad to implement a broader agenda that would break what they consider the shackles of a pacifist regime imposed on Japan by the United States after World War Two.


Included in that agenda is a push to re-interpret the constitution to allow Japan to exercise its right of collective self-defence, or coming to the aid of an ally under attack, and eventually, to revise the constitution’s pacifist Article Nine to make clear Japan’s right to maintain a standing military.


Shorter term, Abe’s government is embarking on the first revision of U.S.-Japan defence cooperation guidelines in 15 years and a make-over of its basic defence policy to better cope with a rising China. But precisely because of that well-known agenda, Abe seems for now intent on going slow.


“Abe knows he has that image (as a right-wing hawk) and he is wary of appearing to use this incident in such a way,” said Katsuhiko Nakamura, executive director at think tank Asian Forum Japan. “He is going to be very careful about how he responds and I think that is reflected in his choice of words.”


Close Abe aide Isao Iijima, who advises the premier on political strategy, said it was premature for Abe to push his broader security agenda since the election win that propelled the LDP back to power was mainly a vote against its rivals.


“Seventy-five percent of the people didn’t like either Mr. Abe or the LDP,” Iijima told Reuters in an interview. “The Abe cabinet has a responsibility to take into account the view of that 75 percent,” he said. “I think Mr. Abe understands that. So constitutional revision is far off.”


(Additional reporting by Kiyoshi Takenaka; Editing by Nick Macfie)


Economy News Headlines – Yahoo! News





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Dirty secrets: What’s under the front lawn?






Homebuyers are naturally curious about the house they want to buy. But there’s one area — under the front lawn — that rarely draws attention until after the deal closes. Then, whatever’s buried beneath that innocent-seeming expanse of grass can become a major headache to the new homeowner.


What’s under the lawn varies from house to house, but following are the typical components.






Sewer line


A sewer line carries plumbing waste away from the house.


Most “lines” are actually pipes made of clay tile or hard plastic, according to Loren Schirber, owner of Castle Building & Remodeling, a design and build contractor in Minneapolis. Plastics generally are more durable and less susceptible to invasive tree roots, the chief cause of trouble that plagues older clay pipes. Roots creep into cracks, suck up water and grow inside the pipe until it breaks.


Repair or replacement of a sewer line can be costly, especially if the damaged portion extends under the road. Municipal codes vary, but in some localities, homeowners are responsible for the line from the house to the main.


“The sewer line is the worst thing out there or has the most potential for trouble,” Schirber says. “When it does fail, they bring in a big backhoe and dig a trench from your house to the middle of the street and install a new sewer pipe, which can be very expensive.”


If trouble is suspected, a tiny camera can be sent through the pipe to locate and investigate the problem. That’s a useful tip for buyers who want to check out a sewer line before they buy a house.


Gas line


A gas line transports natural gas into the house.


A leak in this pipe can be dangerous, as natural gas is a fire hazard and can even cause an explosion. “If you’re digging, and you hit that with a shovel, it will be bad news,” Schirber warns.


Responsibility for repairs depends on local ordinances and the location of the problem. In some places, the utility company owns the line up to the meter and the homeowner owns the line from the meter to the house, Schirber says. If a leak is detected, the gas should be shut off until the line is repaired or replaced.


Water line


A water line is a pipe that brings water into the house.


In some older neighborhoods, water lines run across neighbors’ yards, rather than directly to the main supply, according to David Ellis, owner of Ellis Construction Inc., a homebuilding and renovation company in Boulder, Colo. That can prove tricky if a shutdown, repair or upgrade is necessary.


“If you have to access your water line, you’ll have to get permission to dig through your neighbor’s yard,” Ellis says.


It’s handy to have a shut-off valve, so the water system can be taken out of service if there’s a plumbing leak inside the house, Schirber adds.


Power line


Power lines transmit electricity.


These lines can be buried to keep them away from trees and branches and make a home or neighborhood more aesthetically pleasing. Some buried lines connect the house to the main service. Others simply run out to a decorative lamp on the lawn, Schirber says.


Underground electric lines experience fewer outages due to high winds or lightning and reduce the need to trim trees, according to “Considering Underground Electrical Service?” a guide published by Tampa Electric in Florida. But underground service is more costly to install and repair and is susceptible to uprooted trees, tree roots, flying debris from severe weather, flooding and tidal surges, the guide says.


Sprinkler system


A sprinkler system is a network of shallow water pipes and nozzles for watering the lawn.


Sprinklers are a desirable amenity in hot climates, but they’re less appealing in places where long, cold winters add extra maintenance chores.


“You have to use an air compressor to blow all the water out of the lines so you don’t end up with them freezing,” Schirber explains.


Soil


The point may seem obvious, but there’s also a lot of soil beneath any lawn. And the composition of that soil can be a concern during construction, according to Ellis. For example, expansive soils, which swell when wet, can wreak havoc on foundations.


“If your soils are expansive or can’t support a certain amount of weight, you can get hit with some significant cost increases,” he says.


He recalls one project in which a $ 500 footing pad, which would have rested on top of the soil, turned into $ 5,000 for drilled piers, which connected a small addition down into the bedrock.


To avoid surprises and disasters, a soils engineer should be called out to investigate before building begins.


More From Bankrate.com


Yahoo! Finance – Personal Finance





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Stock index futures signal lower Wall Street open

LONDON (Reuters) - Stock futures pointed to a slightly lower open on Wall Street on Wednesday after gains in the previous session, with futures for the S&P 500, the Dow Jones and the Nasdaq 100 falling 0.1 to 0.2 percent.


A measure to extend the U.S. debt limit for nearly four months moved closer to a vote and the White House said the president would sign the bill if it cleared Congress, easing uncertainty that could have threatened the U.S. economy.


Focus will be on Apple results. Analysts on average estimate Apple's fiscal first-quarter earnings per share at $13.41, down slightly from $13.87 in the year-earlier quarter. Revenue is seen up 18 percent at $54.7 billion, according to Thomson Reuters I/B/E/S.


Other major companies announcing results include Well point , McDonald's and Abbott .


Revenue from Google Inc's core Internet business outpaced many analysts' expectations during the crucial holiday quarter and advertising rates fell less than in previous periods, pushing its shares up roughly 5 percent. Google shares in Frankfurt were up 4.7 percent on Wednesday.


IBM , the world's largest technology services company, gave a better than expected 2013 outlook after a solid fourth quarter that analysts say has more to do with Big Blue's smooth execution than a vibrant tech spending environment. IBM's shares in Frankfurt were 4 percent higher on Wednesday.


The Mortgage Bankers Association releases Weekly Mortgage Market Index for the week ended January 18 at 1200 GMT. The index read 836.5 and the refinancing index was 4,563.7 in the previous week.


JPMorgan Chase & Co Chief Executive Jamie Dimon apologized to shareholders for the $6 billion loss caused by the so-called "whale" trade, calling it a "terrible mistake," but said the bank has moved on and is still highly profitable.


British Prime Minister David Cameron said on Wednesday he would hold a referendum before the end of 2017 to decide whether Britain remains a member of the European Union, provided he wins the next election.


ICSC/Goldman Sachs release chain store sales for the week ended January 18 at 1245 GMT. In the previous week, sales fell 0.6 percent.


Redbook releases its index of department and chain store sales for January at 1355 GMT. In December, sales fell 0.3 percent.


At 1455 GMT, the Institute for Supply Management Chicago releases annual revisions to its index of manufacturing activity. In December, the index read 51.6.


European shares <.fteu3> were flat in early trading on Wednesday, with encouraging earnings reports from some companies underpinning the market.


Bank and commodity shares led the benchmark Standard & Poor's 500 Index to a fresh five-year closing high on Tuesday on hopes that the global economy continues to mend.


The Dow Jones industrial average <.dji> rose 62.51 points, or 0.46 percent, to 13,712.21 at the close on Tuesday. The S&P 500 <.spx> gained 6.58 points, or 0.44 percent, to 1,492.56. The Nasdaq Composite <.ixic> added 8.47 points or 0.27 percent, to 3,143.18.


(Reporting by Atul Prakash/editing by Chris Pizzey, London MPG Desk, +44 (0)207 542-4441)



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Jim, John Harbaugh ready for rematch at Super Bowl


SANTA CLARA, Calif. (AP) — Jim and John Harbaugh have exchanged a handful of text messages, and plan to leave it at that. No phone conversations necessary while the season's still going. No time for pleasantries, even for the friendly siblings.


There is work to be done to prepare for the Super Bowl, prepare for each other, prepare for a history-making day already being widely hyped as "Harbowl" or "Superbaugh" depending which nickname you prefer.


"It doesn't matter who the coach is, what relationship you have with the person on the other side," 49ers coach Jim Harbaugh said so matter-of-factly Monday afternoon.


Their parents sure aren't picking sides for the Feb. 3 matchup in New Orleans.


These days, the Harbaughs' longtime coaching father, Jack, stays away from game-planning chatter or strategy sessions with his Super Bowl-bound coaching sons. Baltimore's John Harbaugh and little brother Jim have been doing this long enough now to no longer need dad's input.


Yet, they still regularly seek it. And, their father does offer one basic mantra: "Get ahead, stay ahead."


"Probably the greatest advice that I've ever been given and the only advice that I've ever found to be true in all of coaching, I think we mentioned it to both John and Jim ... the coaching advice is, 'Get ahead, stay ahead,'" Jack Harbaugh said.


"If I'm called upon, I'll repeat that same message."


His boys still call home regularly to check in with the man who turned both on to the coaching profession years ago, and the mother who has handled everything behind the scenes for decades in a highly competitive, sports-crazed family — with all the routine sports clichés to show for it.


The Harbaugh brothers will become the first siblings to square off from opposite sidelines when their teams play for the NFL championship at the Superdome.


Not that they're too keen on playing up the storyline that has no chance of going away as hard as they try.


"Well, I think it's a blessing and a curse," Jim Harbaugh said Monday. "A blessing because that is my brother's team. And, also, personally I played for the Ravens. Great respect for their organization. ... The curse part would be the talk of two brothers playing in the Super Bowl and what that takes away from the players that are in the game. Every moment that you're talking about myself or John, that's less time that the players are going to be talked about."


Both men love history, just not the kind with them making it.


"I like reading a lot of history ... I guess it's pretty neat," John Harbaugh offered Monday. "But is it really going to be written about? It's not exactly like Churchill and Roosevelt or anything. It's pretty cool, but that's as far as it goes."


Nice try, guys.


John watched the end of Jim's game from the field in Foxborough, Mass., as Baltimore warmed up for the AFC championship game. Jim called his sister's family from the team plane before takeoff after a win at Atlanta and asked how his big brother's team was doing against New England.


The improbable Super Bowl features a set of brothers known around the NFL as fierce competitors unafraid to make a bold move during the season. Unafraid to upset anyone who stands in their way.


In fact, each one made a major change midseason to get this far — John fired his offensive coordinator, while Jim boosted his offense with a quarterback switch from Alex Smith to Colin Kaepernick.


Leading up to Sunday's games, parents Jack and Jackie said they would wait to decide whether to travel to New Orleans if both teams advanced or stick to what has been working so well — watching from the comfort of their couch in Mequon, Wis.


"We enjoy it very much. We get down in our basement, turn on the television and just have a fantastic day watching outstanding football," Jack said last week. "We share our misery with no one but ourselves. Not only the misery, but the ups and downs, the ins and outs of an outstanding professional game."


And, no, the Harbaughs weren't looking ahead to a potential big trip to the Big Easy.


Jack insists his wife is quick to pull out that old sports cliche: "It's one game at a time. I think it's very appropriate," he said.


Jim figures they won't possibly miss this history-making game.


"I think they'll be there," he said with a smile.


The brothers, separated in age by 15 months, have taken different paths to football's biggest stage — years after their intense games of knee football at the family home. They tried to beat each other at cards, or whatever other game it was at the time. Sometimes, they tried to beat each other up. Sister, Joani Crean, often got in on the fun, too.


The 49-year-old Jim never reached a Super Bowl, falling a last-gasp pass short during a 15-year NFL career as a quarterback. The 50-year-old John never played in the NFL.


Still, both will tell you, "Who's got it better than us? No-body!" — one catchphrase they got from their dad.


"We can't put into words what it means to see John and Jim achieve this incredible milestone," their brother-in-law, Indiana basketball coach Tom Crean, said on Twitter. "We talked to Jim (before) his team plane left. All he wanted to know was how was John doing? How were they playing? One incredible family who puts the care, well-being and love for each other at the forefront like most families do. Again, we are very proud of them. Going to be exciting to watch it unfold."


John worked his way up from the bottom of the coaching ranks, while Jim was the star college quarterback at Michigan, a first-round draft pick and eventual Pro Bowler who made coaching his career once he retired.


John already has the one-up, while Jim's team is the early favorite. John's Ravens beat the 49ers 16-6 on Thanksgiving night 2011, in Jim's rookie season as an NFL coach — though both know that means nothing now.


"I just want everybody to know, that was a four-day deal and every story has been told," John said. "We're not that interesting. There's nothing more to learn. The tape across the middle of the room story, OK, you got it? It's OK. It was just like any other family, really. I really hope the focus is not so much on that. We get it, it's really cool and it's exciting and all that."


Said Jim, "Completely new business."


In spite of his efforts to avoid the topic, Jim did take the opportunity to express how proud he is of John.


"He's a great football coach, a real grasp of all phases — offense, defense, special teams. I think he could coordinate at least two of those phases and do it as well as anyone in the league," Jim said. "I've got half the amount of coaching experience he does. Again, it's not about us. I keep coming back to that. I'm really proud of my brother. I love him. That's the blessing part, that this is happening to him."


And, fittingly for the big brother, John feels the exact same way.


___


AP Sports Writer Dave Ginsburg in Baltimore contributed to this story.


___


Online: http://pro32.ap.org/poll and http://twitter.com/AP_NFL


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STORY HIGHLIGHTS


  • Contributors offer impressions of Barack Obama's second inaugural address

  • Julian Zelizer says speech a ringing defense of liberalism, obligations of citizens

  • Donna Brazile says speech spells out "American faith; Tim Stanley says it shows division

  • Bob Greene: He spoke of "never-ending journey" for U.S.; more remarkable journey is his




(CNN) -- President Barack Obama was sworn in Monday for a second term. CNN contributors and analysts offered these assessments of the 44th's president's inauguration:


Julian Zelizer: A call to the obligations of citizenship


The speech connected the greatest generation with our generation. In a ringing defense of liberalism and the obligations of citizenship, Obama called on the nation to complete the unfinished struggles of the 1950s and 1960s -- making rights real, giving more Americans the tools they need to work their way into the middle class and caring for those who can't care for themselves.



Julian Zelizer

Julian Zelizer



He didn't present this as an argument from a Democratic president, but rather as a leader who believes the nation is exceptional. He continued to express his desire to search for the middle way, but based on a strong defense of the political tradition that shapes him. It was powerful oration for a contentious moment in national politics.


Julian Zelizer is a professor of history and public affairs at Princeton University. He is the author of "Jimmy Carter" and of "Governing America."


Obama's address: Full text


Donna Brazile: Speech defined 'American faith'


Obama's second inaugural address was a deeply moving and patriotic speech.


It was one of the most effective usages of the founding documents' principles as a supporting narrative -- drawing us from the past to the present to the future. It combined two of Obama's greatest strengths: his reason (constitutional analysis, desire to teach) with his poetic skills as a writer and a leader.



Donna Brazile

Donna Brazile



He touched on some of the practical challenges facing America. And in addressing these, he reaffirmed the approach he outlined during the election.


But the speech itself was about a different kind of affirmation. It echoed sentiments and subjects that have been a motif of his presidency, indeed his career. Obama defined what may be called an American faith.


In referring to the Declaration of Independence's guiding principle, he said, "For history tells us that while these truths may be self-evident, they have never been self-executing; that while freedom is a gift from God, it must be secured by his people here on Earth."


Each balanced phrase and each oscillation between where we have been and where we must go elaborated this theme: The American faith is the faith in America. "We are true to our creed," he said, when even a little girl born in poverty knows that she has the same chance to succeed as anybody else, because she is an American, she is free, and she is equal, not just in the eyes of God but also in our own."


I will long ponder this, that "preserving our planet, commanded to our care by God ... will lend meaning to the creed our fathers."


This may not be remembered as the most stirring or oratorical inaugural speech. But it was a president sharing with the nation his values most personal and vision most spiritual.


Donna Brazile, a CNN contributor and a Democratic strategist, is vice chairwoman for voter registration and participation at the Democratic National Committee. She is a nationally syndicated columnist, an adjunct professor at Georgetown University and author of "Cooking With Grease." She was manager for the Gore-Lieberman presidential campaign in 2000.


Obama embraces key social justice movements


Alan Brinkley: Richard Blanco a new Walt Whitman?


Inaugurations are usually pretty dull, and second-term inaugurations are usually even worse. Obama's speech was much better than I thought it would be -- not one for the ages, but good for our time. The crowds, perhaps surprisingly, were enormous -- almost as large as 2008.



Alan Brinkley

Alan Brinkley



Obama spoke clearly about his own views without openly criticizing his opponents. As he did in 2008, he continued to call for compromise, although he must have known that little compromise in Congress is waiting. And so he continued with his list of his hopes -- few of which will likely succeed.


No one has reached the level of Lincoln's second inauguration speech. Obama's speech is not likely to be remembered in the way Lincoln's was. But it was better than most inaugural speeches, and better than his 2008 speech. To me, though, the best part of the inauguration was the little known poet Richard Blanco, who sounded like a new Walt Whitman.


Alan Brinkley is the Allan Nevins professor of history at Columbia University.


Inaugural poet: My story is America's


John Avlon: Reclaiming 'American exceptionalism' from conservatives


Obama used his second inaugural address to recast contemporary political debates in the larger sweep of American history, implicitly making the case that the current Democratic Party's agenda is in the mainstream of American history, part of a constant process of forming a more perfect union -- with individual freedom heightened best when balanced with community security.



John Avlon

John Avlon



It was an audacious speech to the extent that Obama sought to reclaim politicized concepts like American exceptionalism from their conservative contexts, making the case that the combination of diversity and opportunity makes the American Dream possible for each new generation.


The president did not shy away from commenting on contemporary policy debates, saying that "the commitments we make to each other -- through Medicare and Medicaid, and Social Security -- these things do not sap of initiative, they strengthen us. They do not make us a nation of takers; they free us to take the risks that make this country great." Somewhere in La Jolla, California, Mitt Romney's ears were burning.


Although the ambitions of the speech were audacious, the scope of the speech was sprawling and dotted with policy references more suited to a State of the Union address. It was not tightly framed or focused on a single concept, nor was there a single clear phrase that summed up the speech, at least at first listen.


The closing refrain -- a reminder that the presidential oath of office is an extension of the oath of citizenship taken by new immigrants or the oath taken by soldiers -- also offered a reach across the aisle: "It was an oath to God and country, not party or faction." Balanced with the pointed presidential reality check that "We cannot mistake absolutism for principle, or substitute spectacle for politics, or treat name-calling for reasoned debate," it summed up the hopes of this inaugural moment and the import of his decisive re-election amid such a divided political landscape.


Here's hoping for all of us that those patriotic emotions -- those actual imperatives of self-government -- are carried forward into the next Congress.


John Avlon is a CNN contributor and senior political columnist for Newsweek and The Daily Beast. He is co-editor of the book "Deadline Artists: America's Greatest Newspaper Columns." He is a regular contributor to "Erin Burnett OutFront" and is a member of the OutFront Political Strike Team. For more political analysis, tune in to "Erin Burnett OutFront" at 7 ET weeknights.


Sworn in again, Obama lingers for last look


Anne-Marie Slaughter: A welcome focus on climate change


This was the rainbow inauguration. It was dedicated above all to showcasing the diversity of the American people and calling on us once again to fulfill the promise of e pluribus unum -- out of many, one. Foreign policy got a scant few paragraphs.



Anne-Marie Slaughter

Anne-Marie Slaughter



But the single most important moment was Obama's decision to list our commitment "to respond to the threat of climate change" as the first mention of a foreign policy issue. He spoke of leading a transition to sustainable energy resources, a national grand strategy that has recently been proposed by Patrick Doherty of the New America Foundation, building on the proposal of a new strategic narrative by two military men working for Adm. Michael Mullen when he was chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.


Climate change is in fact the most important existential and security issue of our time. Equally important, it is both a foreign policy and a domestic policy issue. Obama believes that how we respond to our domestic challenges will determine our power and influence in the world, so he will bring troops home, engage the world through partnerships, support democracy through the power of our example, and, as he said so often on the campaign trail, engage in nation-building here at home.


Anne-Marie Slaughter is a professor of politics and international affairs at Princeton University. She curates foreign policy on Twitter at @slaughteram.


The best Inauguration Day tweets


LZ Granderson: Cheers for one Supreme Court rock star


The crowd cheered when President Obama was introduced. It cheered loudly for the first lady and her bangs. The people politely applauded Nancy Pelosi, Harry Reid and other leaders of the Democratic Party.


When Beyonce and Jay-Z were shown on the big screen, there were screams and when the Clintons emerged, shouts. None of this was unexpected.



LZ Granderson

LZ Granderson



What did surprise me was the enthusiastic reaction to Sonia Sotomayor. Maybe it was because she was selected to swear in Vice President Biden, though John Roberts was barely recognized when he was on the screen and he saved Obamacare.


You would think for a crowd as partisan as this one -- Paul Ryan was booed loudly -- that Roberts would get some love. But nope. On this day there was room for only one Supreme Court rock star and it was the wise Latina from the Bronx who, despite all of her success, still admits to suffering a tad from imposter syndrome.


Perhaps hearing hundreds of thousands of people cheer at the sight of her face will help her get over it.


LZ Granderson, who writes a weekly column for CNN.com, was named journalist of the year by the National Lesbian and Gay Journalists Association and is a senior writer and columnist for ESPN the Magazine and ESPN.com. Follow him on Twitter: @locs_n_laughs.


Ana Navarro: Today, revel in the strength of democracy


I love the pomp and circumstance of inaugurals. I love the significance of the traditions. I was born in Nicaragua into a dictatorship that had already lasted more than two decades. I lived through a civil war and communist revolution before I was 10.



Ana Navarro

Ana Navarro



Today, I am fortunate to live in a country where for 224 years we have had peaceful transitions of government. Sadly, it is something of a rare occurrence in our hemisphere and our world. In these difficult times when political divisions and ideological differences dominate our political discourse, we must not take for granted the strength of our democracy. We cannot forget, that in other countries, political disagreements can land you in exile, jail or a grave.


Inaugurations are a day for unity and vision, a day for lofty rhetoric and inspiration. It's not a day when we wave a magical wand to erase divisions. Instead, it is a day when in spite of those divisions, we recognize that our Constitution and democracy prevail.


I'm not going to dissect Obama's speech. Former Jimmy President Carter called it a "very progressive" speech. I agree. There were many lines in that speech that the coalition that voted for Obama will find encouraging, and those who didn't vote for him, will not. We have plenty of time to focus on those differences. Today, let's focus on what brings us together, not drives us apart


Ana Navarro, a Republican strategist and commentator, was national Hispanic campaign chairwoman for John McCain in 2008 and national Hispanic co-chair for Jon Huntsman's 2012 campaign. Follow her on Twitter @ananavarro.


Obama's second-term priorities


Timothy Stanley: President's speech laid out America's divide


Obama obviously intends to govern as he campaigned -- as a committed, uncompromising liberal. We were promised one of those "bring us together"-type speeches that typified the heady days of 2009; instead we got a more policy specific speech that reflected the difficult, partisan reality of 2013. Obama has an agenda, and he's willing to fight for it.



Timothy Stanley

Timothy Stanley



The philosophical ground work was laid out. Freedoms, we learned, "are self-evident but not self-executing." It requires "collective action" to realize basic liberties. And we cannot truly be free if dominated by a "privileged few." So we were promised economic justice, renewable energy and a moral commitment to gay rights -- "for if we are truly created equal, then surely the love we commit to one another must be equal as well." For that line alone the speech proved controversial but admirably courageous. All of this is germane to European politics, but it feels radical coming from a U.S. president. It wouldn't have been out of place if he had joined James Taylor in a rendition of "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing."


Obama's presidency was supposed to heal the nation, but it's notable just how divided it feels today. Aside from the polls that show significant numbers of Americans are worried about the future (and worrying numbers of Republicans hoping that the president's policies will fail), the biggest marker of this is the growing philosophical difference between the parties. If Romney had won, his speech would no doubt be equally as partisan but very different in tone and content. And the enormous gulf between Obama's collectivist reading of the Constitution and Romney's individualist one reflects the fracturing of the country into camps that understand their country's history and values very differently.


Of course, if Romney had won, the speech probably also wouldn't have been so good. On style alone, Obama has earned his place in history. What he makes of his second term, however, will be determined by forces beyond his control.


Timothy Stanley is a historian at Oxford University and blogs for Britain's The Daily Telegraph. He is the author of "The Crusader: The Life and Times of Pat Buchanan."


'Mr. President, please fix America'


Maria Cardona: Hope and change undimmed



Maria Cardona

Maria Cardona



It was more sober in this inaugural address, but Obama's message is still one of hope and change. On a cold, windy morning, before a smaller throng than last time around, the president laid out his vision with a keen focus on what got him: his championing of the middle class, a recognition and celebration of the growing and powerful demographics in this country -- Latinos, women, the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community, and young people -- and a reaffirmation that we "are all in this together."


The historic participation of four Latinos front and center and his mention of immigration reform- by description if not by name, underscored the importance of the Latino electorate. You saw co- chair of the Inaugural Eva Longoria, Justice Sonia Sotomayor who swore in Vice President Biden, openly gay Latino poet Laureate Richard Blanco reciting a riveting poem that reflected the diversity of the country, and the Rev. Luis Leon, who gave part of the benediction in Spanish. This, along with the president's acknowledgment in his speech that we cannot be a country that is unwelcoming of immigrants or one that does not embrace young immigrants who have studied hard and want to succeed, was a clear indication that the president understands that the 71% of Latinos who helped get him elected will be looking for him to have their back. It seems he will.


He was also defiant in his defense of the middle class and put his opponents on notice that he will not back down in the fights ahead to ensure that Medicare and Social Security remain strong and that our economy is rebuilt for everyone, not just the privileged few. He gave his supporters hope he will continue to fight for them. He gave all Americans the assurance the country will continue to change for the better. Still: hope and change.


Maria Cardona is a Democratic strategist, a principal at the Dewey Square Group, a former senior adviser to Hillary Clinton and former communications director for the Democratic National Committee.


A tale of two terms: Obama's unfinished business and battles ahead


Bob Greene: Obama's remarkable journey


"A never-ending journey."



Bob Greene

Bob Greene



Obama used those words to describe America's path. But, long after most of the specific words of his second inaugural address fade into memory, it is another journey -- his -- that will be endlessly instructive, both for his admirers and his detractors.


The ambition, the lightning speed with which, in 10 brief years, he changed the trajectory of his life, seem only more remarkable on a day like Monday, when, at the U.S. Capitol, the Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir sang "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" as he waited to again take the oath of office.


Among the faces at the Capitol as Obama arrived was that of a congressman from Illinois named Bobby Rush. Ten Januarys ago Obama was a member of the state Legislature in Illinois, having returned to those chambers after, in 2000, suffering a humiliating defeat. He had hoped to go on to national politics, to the U.S. Congress, but Rush had crushed him 2-to-1 in the primary. Obama's career, at least beyond the confines of Springfield, Illinois, seemed stalled.


In January of 2003, could even Obama, with all his self-confidence, have imagined that in January of 2013 he would be taking the oath of presidential office for the second time?


He will only be 55 when he finishes his second term. Perhaps, when all the politics are done, he will feel at ease to explain, in human terms, just how he convinced himself that all of this was even remotely possible.


"We cannot afford delay," he said to the nation Monday.


He was referring to all of us, to the country. But you could look at him and consider what must go through a person's mind when he seems stuck in a place he doesn't want to be, and decides that urgency may be the only answer.


"We are made for this moment," he said Monday, the words traveling around the world.


CNN contributor Bob Greene is a best-selling author whose 25 books include "Late Edition: A Love Story," "Chevrolet Summers, Dairy Queen Nights" and "When We Get to Surf City: A Journey Through America in Pursuit of Rock and Roll, Friendship, and Dreams."


Photos: Obama's face all over the place


Brian Balogh: Obama reminds us why he's a progressive


Inaugural addresses, especially the second time around, are not supposed to matter.



Brian Balogh

Brian Balogh



This one did. That's because future historians will mark it as the moment that Obama explained why he is a progressive.


The programs that Obama called for were characteristically liberal: reaffirming the social safety net, equal pay for women, etc. Nothing new here -- just the Obama classic.


What differed this time, and what this moment was made for (to twist the president's own words) was articulating the progressive rationale for these programmatic ends. "Preserving our individual freedoms ultimately requires collective action," Obama proudly told the nation.


Compare this with the rationale that Obama offered to the American people at his State of the Union less than a year ago. Saving the heroic mission to capture Osama bin Laden for the grand finale, the president insisted that the "mission only succeeded because" each brave warrior knew that "there's somebody behind you, watching your back." The pre-election Obama, still seeking the middle ideologically, deployed the lowest common denominator of Cold War liberalism -- collective security -- as the rationale for a far more ambitious social program.


His second election behind him, Obama linked his fate and the nation's to a rationale that propelled tens of millions of Americans into the middle class. By making collective action explicit, Obama yoked a century-old progressive agenda to the nation's founding documents and its past history. "Now, more than ever, we must do these things together, as one nation, and one people." To achieve America's lofty goals of "life, and liberty, and the pursuit of happiness" will require back watching, backslapping and no shortage of back-scratching as well.


But today, Obama left that for back benchers. He stated the "c" word -- collective -- loudly and proudly. And the nation will be better off for his candor.


Brian Balogh, a professor of history at the University of Virginia's Miller Center, is co-host of "Backstory With the American History Guys."


Follow us on Twitter @CNNOpinion.


Join us on Facebook/CNNOpinion.


The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of the authors.






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Michelle Obama again picks designer Wu for inaugural gown






WASHINGTON (Reuters) – It was one of the biggest questions of Monday’s inaugural celebrations: not what would President Barack Obama say, but what would his wife, Michelle Obama, wear?


The first lady cemented her reputation as an international style trend-setter with her choice of a Jason Wu red sleeveless ball gown in the evening, and a striking business-style blue navy coat and dress for the ceremonial daytime events.






It was a huge win for U.S. designer Wu making one of his ball gowns her choice for a second straight inauguration.


The first lady appeared for her first dance of the night with the president at the Commander-in-Chief’s Ball for U.S. service members in a ruby-colored chiffon and full-length velvet gown custom made by the New York-based designer.


Her shoes were from the London-based Malaysian-Chinese designer Jimmy Choo, and she wore a diamond-embellished ring handmade by jeweler Kimberly McDonald of New York.


Michelle Obama helped make Wu a household name by choosing a white chiffon gown he designed for the balls celebrating her husband’s first inauguration in 2009. Wu, now 30, has since had significant commercial success, but his creations in the two inaugurations has won him a place in U.S. fashion history.


Dressing the first lady, a Harvard-trained lawyer known for her style, can be a huge boost for a fashion designer or retail chain.


Praised for wearing high-end designers as well as pieces from mass-market stores, the first lady has won over fashion critics in her four years in the White House.


“Icon’s a big word and it sometimes gets over used, but I think if we’re going to use it, we can use it now,” said Steven Kolb, chief executive of the Council of Fashion Designers of America, adding, “What makes her a real icon is the work that she does and the woman that she is.”


Dresses, sweaters, shoes and belts she has worn have sold out at retailers from designer showrooms to mass market chains including Gap Inc., J. Crew and Target Corp., for which Wu has designed low-priced fashions.


Earlier on Monday, the first lady wore a navy coat and dress by designer Thom Browne, inspired by the fabric of a man’s silk tie.


Her belt and gloves were from J.Crew, a chain that is a fixture in U.S. shopping malls; the necklace and earrings were designed by Cathy Waterman. The suede boots were by Reed Krakoff, as was the short blue cardigan she wore to a celebratory lunch in the Capitol.


BIG-TICKET INDUSTRY


Best known for men’s clothing, Browne boasts a string of design awards, most recently, a prestigious National Design Award for fashion from the Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum in New York, which is part of the Smithsonian Institution.


“She likes well-tailored clothes, so the inspiration was doing something that looked tailored and structured and fitted through the body and somewhat A-line for the skirt and the dress,” Browne told the Los Angeles Times.


Style mavens credit the 49-year-old first lady with changing the way American women put together their outfits, and, by patronizing U.S. designers, bolstering a multibillion-dollar industry.


A 2010 study from New York University’s Stern School of Business found that a single appearance by the first lady can generate $ 14 million in value for a company.


Famed for her toned arms, Obama set a trend for sleeveless tops. Her cardigans and belted dresses have prompted many working women to switch from blazers and suits in the workplace.


“Michelle looks good however, wherever, whatever she does. Michelle looks good in her sleeping gown,” said Sharon Johnson, a therapist who came from Baltimore to watch the inauguration, and joked that she is still looking for the green leather gloves Obama wore on Inauguration Day four years ago.


“Her beauty is so far inside, and shines so far outside,” Johnson said.


When Michelle Obama held the Bible for her husband during his official swearing-in on Sunday, she wore a dark blue dress by Reed Krakoff, the creative director for the Coach leather goods company, who has become a fashion designer.


On Sunday night, she wore a sleeveless black sequined dress by Michael Kors to an inaugural reception for supporters.


At that reception, President Obama weighed in on what he termed the most “significant” event of the inaugural weekend, his wife’s hotly discussed new hairstyle.


“I love her bangs,” Obama said. “She looks good. She always looks good.”


Interest in Michelle Obama’s clothing has extended to the outfits worn by her two daughters. On Monday, the White House said Malia, 14, was wearing a J.Crew ensemble and Sasha, 11, wore a Kate Spade coat and dress.


Obama is a far bigger influence on U.S. fashion than most of her predecessors. Laura Bush favored suits by Oscar de la Renta and Hillary Clinton, the U.S. Secretary of State, is best known for wearing a range of brightly colored pants suits.


Even stylish Jackie Kennedy wore mostly European designers.


Obama’s fashion choices have not always been applauded. Some Americans were angry when she wore a red gown from a British label – Alexander McQueen – to a 2011 state dinner for China’s president.


Kolb dismissed such concerns, noting that fashion is a global business and that U.S. designers are thrilled when, for example, Kate Middleton, the wife of Britain’s Prince of Wales, wears their clothing.


“At the end of the day, we get up in the morning and we look in our closet and we have to feel good about what we put on,” he said.


At the end of the inaugural festivities, Michelle Obama’s outfits and accompanying accessories will go to the National Archives.


(Additional reporting by Jeff Mason, Steve Holland and Alina Selyukh; Editing by Alistair Bell and Christopher Wilson)


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Rose replaces Grade in Ocado role







Online grocer Ocado has appointed former Marks and Spencer chairman Sir Stuart Rose as chairman.






Sir Stuart, who left M&S in early 2011, will join in March as non-executive director, and take up the chairmanship on 10 May.


He will replace current chairman Lord Michael Grade, who joined the Ocado board in 2006.


Lord Grade, previously chairman of the BBC and executive chairman at ITV, said he was retiring.


“It has been a privilege to be a part of their story,” Lord Grade said of his six years as chairman.


The hiring of Sir Stuart comes as Ocado, which mainly delivers Waitrose groceries, embarks on expansion plans. “We are looking forward to benefiting from his extensive retail experience and counsel,” the company said in a statement.


Continue reading the main story


Sir Stuart said he expected Ocado to become “a powerful online player” as retail shifted towards a digital world.


He has taken on a number of part-time roles since leaving M&S, including acting as an adviser to Bridgepoint, the private equity firm, and as a non-executive director of Woolworths Holdings, the South African retailer.


Ocado, which floated on the stock exchange in July 2010, has yet to make an annual profit. It saw a £2.2m loss in 2011 and a £12.2m loss in 2010.


Its most recent results for the 53 weeks to 2 December 2012 showed sales up 13.9% year-on-year.


Shares in the group closed up 9.25% on Monday at a six-month high of 95p – boosted by market speculation of a potential takeover by M&S.


However, the shares remain almost half the 180p per share price they listed at in 2010.


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Orlando Plastic Surgeon Uses Social Media to Improve Doctor-Patient Relationships






ORLANDO, FL–(Marketwire – Jan 22, 2013) – Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani, a board-certified plastic surgeon in Orlando, strives to provide his patients with the most comprehensive level of care — both inside and outside his office. Recently, he and his staff ran a contest on Facebook to promote his practice and encourage online discussion between those who are considering plastic surgery and patients wishing to share their experiences. By answering weekly questions, Facebook fans of The Aesthetic Surgery Centre competed for prizes such as an Apple TV, an iPad, and an American Express gift card.


With the contest, Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani hoped to accomplish three main goals for his Orlando plastic surgery practice:






1. Develop a higher level of engagement with patients
2. Improve online and social media interaction
3. Spur continued enthusiasm on Facebook between new and existing patients following the contest 


The contest questions revolved around topics that, from Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani’s experience, are generally popular among patients visiting the practice for a consultation — including breast implants, tummy tuck surgery, and postoperative care. Additionally, other questions were focused on the Orlando plastic surgeon himself so that current and potential patients could view him not just as a surgeon, but also a person with hobbies and interests similar to their own.


Upon its conclusion, Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani and his staff believe the contest to have been a success. According to him, the contest increased the practice’s Facebook traffic, allowed for continued interaction with past and potential patients, and has created engagement and enthusiasm on the practice’s Facebook wall that has continued after the contest’s end. “We certainly exceeded our expectations,” said Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani.


Dr. Trevisani believes participants felt a sense of connection to the office during the contest, regardless of whether or not they were current, past, or potential patients. He says there was an overall enthusiasm throughout the contest, and it allowed patients who might have been a little intimidated by an office visit or consultation setting to post their questions and receive almost instant clarification.


In the end, The Aesthetic Surgery Centre Facebook fanbase increased by a total of 400 fans within a three month period. The contest and the gift giveaways not only helped drive traffic on the practice’s Facebook page but also increased traffic on the practice’s main website. The practice has since experimented with posting questions to the Facebook page without an explicit incentive and the patients have still been participating.


To view an example of the blog posts Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani’s office also posted throughout the contest, read: “Staff Members at The Aesthetic Surgery Centre.”


About Jon Paul Trevisani, MD, FACS


Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani is a board-certified plastic surgeon in Orlando, FL. He earned his medical degree at the University of Nebraska Medical School in Omaha and has been the recipient of numerous medical awards including the Patients’ Choice Award in 2010. Dr. Jon Paul Trevisani is also frequently featured in Orlando Style Magazine and a member of the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery and the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.


He is available for interview upon request.


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